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On February 15, 2019, the US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) announced a new regulation.
2019年2月15日，美国专利商标局（USPTO）宣布了一项新的规定。
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The requirement applies to all trademark applicants,registrants, and parties whose permanent legal residence or principal place of business is outside the United States. These applicants, registrants, and parties are required to have a U.S.-licensed attorney represent them at the USPTO in all trademark matters.
该要求适用于所有商标申请人、注册人以及永久法定住所或主要营业地在美国境外的当事人。这些申请人、注册人和当事方必须有一名美国授权律师在美国专利商标局代表他们处理所有商标事宜。
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Additionally, U.S.-licensed attorneys representing anyone before the USPTO in trademark matters are required to confirm they are an active member in good standing of their bar and to provide their bar membership information.
此外，在美国专利商标局（USPTO）之前，代表任何人的美国授权律师必须确认他们是一名积极的会员，在其律师资格方面信誉良好，并提供他们的律师资格信息。
"This rule is an important step in combating fraudulent submissions,"said Andrei Ianku, Deputy Secretary-General and director of intellectual property for the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
美国专利商标局负责知识产权的副秘书长兼局长安德烈·伊安库说，“这条规则是打击欺诈性提交的重要一步。”
This new trademark rule has an effective date of August 3, 2019.
本新商标规则的生效日期为2019年8月3日。
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The complete text of the rule is published in theFederal Register.
该规则的完整文本在联邦公报上公布。
以下是从联邦公报摘取的新商标规则主要内容：
I.Integrity of the U.S. Trademark Register
美国商标注册的完整性
The trademark register must accurately reflect marks that are actually in use in commerce in the U.S. for the goods/services identified in the registrations.
商标注册必须准确反映在美国商业中实际使用的商标，用于注册中标识的商品/服务。
In addition, such persons may incur costs and burdens unnecessarily if the disclosed registered mark is not actually in use in U.S. commerce, or is not in use in commerce in connection with all the goods/services identified in the registration.
此外，如果披露的注册商标在美国商业中没有实际使用，或者在商业中没有与注册中确定所有商品/服务相关的使用，可能会招致不必要的成本和负担。
Therefore, the USPTO anticipates that implementation of this rule will have the benefit of generally reducing costs to applicants, registrants, and other parties and providing greater value to consumers who rely on registered marks.
因此，美国专利商标局预计，实施这一规则将有利于普遍降低申请人、注册人和其他各方的成本，并为依赖注册商标的消费者提供更大的价值。
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II.Enforce Compliance With U.S. Statutory and Regulatory Requirements
强制遵守美国法律法规要求
Qualified U.S. lawyer representatives will not only help the Patent and Trademark Office to improve and maintain the integrity of U.S. trademark registration, but also ensure that foreign applicants, registrants and parties are assisted only by authorized practitioners subject to U.S. Patent and Trademark Office disciplinary rules.
有资格的美国律师代表，不仅将帮助美国专利商标局改善和维护美国商标注册的完整性，而且将确保外国申请人、注册人和当事方仅由受美国专利商标局纪律规则约束的授权从业人员提供协助。
Surge in Foreign Filings
外国申请激增
Contributing to concerns regarding UPL, in recent years the USPTO has experienced a significant surge in foreign filings, with the number of trademark applications from foreign applicants increasing as a percentage of total filings, as shown in the following table.
引起了对UPL的关注，近年来，美国专利商标局的外国申请量大幅增加，外国申请人的商标申请量占总申请量的比例也在增加，如下表所示。
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III.Rule Changes
规则变更
Under this rule, § 2.11 is amended to require applicants, registrants, or parties to a trademark proceeding whose domicile is not located within the U.S. or its territories to be represented by an attorneywho is an active member in good standing of the bar of the highest court of any of the 50 states of the U.S.,the District of Columbia, or any Commonwealth or territory of the U.S.
根据这条规则，修改2.11，要求注册地不在美国或美国领土内的商标程序的申请人、注册人或当事方由一名律师代表，该律师是50个国家中任何一个最高法院的有效成员。美国各州、哥伦比亚特区或美国的任何联邦或领土。
Foreign-domiciled applicants who submit an application based on section 66(a) of the Act (Madrid application),15 U.S.C. 1141f, are alsosubject to the requirement to appoint a qualified U.S. attorney.
根据《法案》（马德里申请）第66（a）节提交申请的外国籍申请人，也必须指定一名合格的美国律师。
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IV.Cost To Retain U.S. Counsel
聘请美国律师的费用
The following tables estimate the costs for complying with this rule, using FY17 filing numbers for pro se applicants and registrants with a domicile outside the U.S. or its territories and for Madrid applicants and registrants.
下表估计了遵守本规则的成本，使用FY17申请编号，适用于在美国或其领土以外有住所的专业申请人和注册人，以及马德里申请人和注册人。
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The USPTO will also implement the following procedures regarding application and registration documents filed prior to the effective date of this rule.If a document submitted by a foreign applicant or registrant prior to the effective date of this rule requires no further action by the applicant or registrant, the USPTO will not require appointment of U.S. counsel as to that filing.
美国专利商标局还将对本规则生效日期前提交的申请和注册文件实施以下程序。如果外国申请人或注册人在本规则生效日期前提交的文件不要求申请人或注册人采取进一步行动，美国专利商标局将不要求就该申请任命美国律师。
